stm32之定時器徹底研究

相比較而言，直接操作定時器比較簡潔，對著寄存器看十分明了。而使用庫文件有一點(diǎn)暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。

（個人觀點(diǎn)）

程序如下：（以下程序在DX32的例程修改而來，使用的是比較古老的3.0固件庫）

1、timer.c文件

#include "STM32Libstm32f10x.h"
void TIM2_Configuration(void)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
u16 CCR1_Val = 4000;
u16 CCR2_Val = 2000;
u16 CCR3_Val = 1000;
u16 CCR4_Val = 500;

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);

TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 10000; //計滿值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7200-1; //預(yù)分頻,此值+1為分頻的除數(shù)
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0; //
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //向上計數(shù)

TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);


TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_Inactive; //輸出比較非主動模式
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR1_Val;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High; //極性為正

TIM_OC1Init(TIM2, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_OC1PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable); //禁止OC1重裝載,其實(shí)可以省掉這句,因?yàn)槟J(rèn)是4路都不重裝的.


TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR2_Val;

TIM_OC2Init(TIM2, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);


TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR3_Val;

TIM_OC3Init(TIM2, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_OC3PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);


TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR4_Val;

TIM_OC4Init(TIM2, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_OC4PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);


TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM2, ENABLE);

TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1 | TIM_IT_CC2 | TIM_IT_CC3 | TIM_IT_CC4|TIM_IT_Update);

TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1 | TIM_IT_CC2 | TIM_IT_CC3 | TIM_IT_CC4|TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);



TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
}
void TIM3_Configuration(u16 p,u16 psc)
{
RCC->APB1ENR|=1<<1;//TIM3時鐘使能
//自動裝載寄存器
TIM3->ARR=p; //設(shè)定定時器自動重裝值
//PSC預(yù)分頻寄存器
TIM3->PSC=psc; //設(shè)定定時器的分頻系數(shù)

TIM3->DIER|=1<<0; //允許更新中斷
TIM3->DIER|=1<<6; //允許觸發(fā)中斷
TIM3->CR1|=0X01; //使能定時器3（這里面包括計數(shù)方向?yàn)橄蛏嫌嫈?shù)）
}
#if 0
void TIM4_Configuration(void)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM4, ENABLE);


TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 10000; //計滿值
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7200-1; //預(yù)分頻,此值+1為分頻的除數(shù)
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0; //
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //向上計數(shù)
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM4, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);



TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM4, ENABLE);

TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4, TIM_IT_Update);

TIM_ITConfig(TIM4, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);



TIM_Cmd(TIM4, ENABLE);
}
#else
void TIM_Configuration(u16 p,u16 psc)
{
RCC->APB1ENR|=1<<2;//TIM4時鐘使能
//自動裝載寄存器
TIM4->ARR=p; //設(shè)定定時器自動重裝值
//PSC預(yù)分頻寄存器
TIM4->PSC=psc; //設(shè)定定時器的分頻系數(shù)

TIM4->DIER|=1<<0; //允許更新中斷
TIM4->DIER|=1<<6; //允許觸發(fā)中斷
TIM4->CR1|=0X01; //使能定時器3（這里面包括計數(shù)方向?yàn)橄蛏嫌嫈?shù)）
}
#endif

上程序中，定時器2被配置成多路捕獲模式，定時器3是直接操作寄存器進(jìn)行配置的。

定時器4用了兩種配置方式，使用固件庫和直接操作寄存器。可以切換。效果一樣。

需要注意的是，stm32103RBT6的通用定時器只有2、3、4.(沒有5)

2、stm32f10x_it.c文件

unsigned int cnt=0;
unsigned int flag=0;
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1) != RESET)
{

TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1);

//可添加功能塊......

}
else if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2);

//可添加功能塊......
}
else if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC3) != RESET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC3);

//可添加功能塊......
}
else if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC4) != RESET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC4);

//可添加功能塊......
}
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
//flag=1;//計時滿標(biāo)志位置位
//cnt++;//每TIM_Period計時滿變量加一
}
}

void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{
if(TIM3->SR&0X0001)
{
cnt++;
flag=1;
}
TIM3->SR&=~(1<<0);
}

void TIM4_IRQHandler(void)
{
if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM4, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4, TIM_IT_Update);
cnt++;
flag=1;
}
}

可以看到，定時器2有多個處理的事件，四個通道的計數(shù)溢出和定時器的總溢出。具體事件根據(jù)應(yīng)用來配置。

另外，以上代碼只是對三個通用定時器進(jìn)行測試，具體應(yīng)用根據(jù)情況來定。

3、NVIC.c文件

#include "STM32Libstm32f10x.h"

//設(shè)置所有的中斷允許

void NVIC_Configuration(void)
{
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 4;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

#if 1